He bids the flowers of Spring
Mount the tree-top that men may raise their eyes
And walk on upwards paths
He bids the moon in Autumn waves be drowned
In token that he visits laggard men
And leads them out from the valleys of despair
The above verse is an excerpt from a character’s invocation in the Noh drama Atsumori, penned by Zeami Motokiyo.
It is the story of a warrior-turned-priest, Rensei, who meets the ghost of a man he had slain in battle, Atsumori. We staged this play in college, part of a four-act, all-Asian extravaganza entitled Dream.
Some time after the breakthrough staging of Dream, our theatre group TAGISAN was invited to join the Iloilo Theatre Company. Along with groups from other universities, we collaborated on an innovative post-modern, Asian-spiced rendition of T.S. Eliot’s Murder in the Cathedral.
The costumes from both Atsumori and Murder in the Cathedral were, naturally, based for the most part on Noh get-ups. Included in our research for authentic inspirations in the outfits were the most notable and intricate masks worn by the characters in the Noh drama to represent a greater metaphor than just their individual persona.
I was able to locate the Noh mask images that I downloaded some time ago:



These are mere icon-size versions as the original images were quite large. From left to right, they are:
· Fusikizo: Youth, vigor
· Okina: Age, wisdom
· Hannya: Demon, primal instincts
Do the last two names listed above sound familiar?
They most certainly do, as both Okina and Hannya are characters from Rurouni Kenshin, also known in some parts of the world as Samurai X. In the series, these men are part of the Onmitsu Oniwabanshuu.
Okina, represented by a Noh mask of a grizzled old man, is the elderly (but still delightfully hale) Nenji Kashiwazaki, mentor figure and fount of wry wisdom. Hannya, the ninja who perpetually hides his visage behind a fearsome horned mask, is likewise represented by a Noh mask of a laughing horned demon/spirit.
The fusikizo mask could be applied to, arguably, Aoshi Shinomori. He became Okashira (leader) of the Oniwanbanshuu at the age of 15 and his actions were pivotal in determining the direction that these ninjas would take in the new Meiji era. In the Noh drama, it is always the youth who takes action, driving the story onwards.
There is something about this triumvirate that rather strongly reminds me of the Freudian Id (Hannya), Ego (Fusikizo) and Super-Ego (Okina). Somewhat interesting parallels, as the Noh began to take form roughly five hundred years ago, way before the word “Psychology” got its meaning that we know of today.
On the other hand, I may just need some more coffee.